Loose-leaf binder



July 3, 1923.

H. A. DUDLEY LOOSE LEAF BINDER .Fild Nv. 50 1921 Patented July 3, 1923.

i 1,450,712 UNITED' STATES PATENT" @Feci-1;;

HOWARD A.' DUDLEY, OF HAGEBSTOWN, MARYLAND.

LOOSE-LEAF BINDER.

Application filed November 30, 1921. Serial No. 518,954.

T 0 all whom t may concern Be it known that I, HOWARD A. DUDLEY, acitizen of theUnitedStates, residing at Hagerstown, in the county ofl/Vashington and lState of Maryland, have invented new and vusefulImprovements in LoosefLeatl Binders, of which ther following is alspeciication.y Y

This invention relates to loose-leaf binders and has for one of itsobjects the construc tion of ya binder in which individuall andinterchangeable pins are used to retain the core of leaves within thecover of the binder.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a loose-leaf binderin which the pins are inserted from vopposite sides of the binderthrough a plurality oi holes, one pin to a hole, each hole beingconstituted ybypan aperture through a core of leaves and an alignedaperture through-the cover. Y v i i Anotherv objecty of the inventionis` they provision of tapered pinsv each projected from oppositesides ofthe binder through a cylindrical aperture in the core of leaves,l theaxes4 of said pins coinciding substantially with the axes of therespective apertures when the core of leaves is intact, but` the pins oneach side being inclined, when the core of leaves is opened, untiltheir-tapered ends engage the upper walls of the cylindrical apertures,in which position the lower surfaces of said tapered pins lie ininclined planes which intersect to form a downwardly facing dihedralangle, permitting a corresponding'divergence in the two sections of thecylindrical apertures in the core of leaves which are formed when saidcore is opened. As the cylindrical aper-y A still furtherobject of theinvention is the provision of a cover having hinged flaps` embracingbetween them a core of leaves, there beingaplurality of headed pinsinserted from opposite ysides each through an aperture in one of saidflaps andan aligned aperture in said core, and a'sheath or guard foreach flap having parallel sides embrac-v ing said flap and the heads ofadjacent pins, the lower side of said sheath or guard eing lslotted atthe proper intervals tol straddle the Shanks of the` pins; beneath-ftheheads thereof, said guardfunctioning priv marily to prevent the heds ofthe pinsv from wearing the cover of the binder and secondarily to retainsaid pins in place."

binder in closed is a similar View of the samev f 60, F or theattainment of these endlsand'the'l accomplishment of other newand/usefulob]ects,.aswill appear, thehinvention con- .Figuref isa1longitudinal sectional view i taken along the line 3-3of Figure AFigure 4 is a plan view showing the pinguard. v y l, Figure 5 is a viewin perspectiveishowing one half of each ot the two oppositely .facino`pin-guards. `Ieferring in detail to the several figures thenumerals 1and 2 represent the front and rear portions-oi the cover of a loose,-lleaf binder which are foldable as shown in.y

dotted lines at el, relativeto a back'p'ortionv its outer surface 7 togive shape to the back .i

portion 5 and flaty on its inner surface 8f. The latter surface iscovered with'vany suitable iinishingmaterial and forms an abut-- mentfor the leaves ofthe core 15, wheny the binder is in closed position, asshown in Figure l. Running longitudinally valong the lines of fold 9 and10, .between the front and rear cover portions and the back p ortion,yare the hinged flaps ligand l2'which` are glued or otherwise fastenedto the front and rear cover portions by means of the contacting flanges13l andy 14.y Betweenthe hinged flaps is einbracedthey coreof leaveswhich in Figure 2 is` shown separated intov two sections 16 and 17.

The hingedl flaps arev eachV apertured at. intervals, as shown by-thenumeral 18 Fi re 3 and b the small dotted circlesy 18.. inl *igure 4. yTe core` section `is punched to form cylindrical openings 2O extendingVtherethrough and in alignment with the apertures 18,-in the hingedflaps; The pins 21, which are provided with enlarged heads 22 andcylindrical4 bodyportions tapering Ato register with the shanks of saidpins, said guard being adapted to be pushed in place over ahinged flapand the heads of the pins passing therethrough, said guards servingprimarily to protect the back of the binder from being worn or marred bythe pressure of the projecting heads of the pins, but the guard alsoacts to an extent as an additional retaining means to preventdisplacement of the pins. Said vpins are, however, self-retaining in thesense that when the front and rear portions ofthe cover are closed theycannot escape and when the core of leaves is opened'as sho-wn in Figure3, said pins co-l operate-to perform an arcing function which preventstheir vinvoluntary extrusion. rIhe function of the pins as leaf-holdingand retaining means is thereforel not .impaired by the omission o-f theguards and it is a matter of choice in the manufacture or use of thedevice whether they be employed.' p

The operation of the binder is: clearly indicated in Figures 1 and Withthe cover opened as shown at 4, Figure 1, the pins 21 may be withdrawnby a rectilinear motion from the cylindrical apertures 20. Thewithdrawal 'of two of these pins puts the core of leaves in conditionfor the removal of any part thereof, as a. unit, or any particular leaf.No care is required in the reinsertion of said pins sine they are all ofi the same shape and interchangeable. When f sections of said.cylindrical apertures.

. tivesides lie in inclined planesr which intersect, forming adownwardly facing dihedral angle which determines the angular inclina-.tion of the two sections of the vcylindrical apertures l20andconsequently the `flatness c Of opening of the leaves. As there ispreferably some play between the cylindrical apertures 20 and that partlof the pins 21 of largest diameter theleaves will open, in practice, alittle flatter than would be permitted merely by the acuteness of saiddihedral angle. y y

The hinged flaps 11 and 12 will be thro-wn vinto relatively divergentpositions, due to the weight of the leaves, when the binder is opened,thereby assuming a position of perpendicularity to the axes of the pinswhen the latter' are relatively inclined.`

Having described my invention what I claim asnew and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is e 1. A loose-leaf binder comprising front and rearcover port-ions provided with spaced hinged iiaps, each 'flap beingapertured, a core of leaves inserted between said flaps and providedwith cylindrical apertures in alignment with the apertures in saidflaps, vand pins inserted through opposite sides, one through each ofsaid flap apertures and its aligned core aperture.

2. A loose-leaf binder comprising' front andf rear cover portionsprovided with spaced hinged flaps, each flap being apertured, a core ofleaves inserted between said flaps and provided with cylindricalapertures in alignment withthe apertures in saidV flaps, andtapered pinsinsertedthrough opposite sides, one through each of said'flap aperturesand its aligned corey aperture.

.3. A loose-leafbinder comprising frontv and rear cover portionsprovided with spaced hinged flaps, each flap being apertured, a core ofleaves insertedfbetween said flaps and provided with cylindricalapertures in alignment with the apertures in said flaps, pins, headed atone end and having tapered stems inserted from opposite sides onethrough each of said flap apertures and its aligned core aperture.

LA loose-leaf binder comprising front and rear cover portions providedwith spaced hinged flaps', each'flap being apertured, a core of leavesinserted between said flaps and provided with cylindrical apertures inalignment with the apertures in said flaps, pins, headed atone'end 'andhaving tapered stems inserted frompopposite sides one through each of'said flap apertures and its aligned core aperture and mea-ns forclamping together the flap and the heads of the pins adjacent thereto.'

5. A loose-leaf binder comprising front and rear cover portions providedwith spaced hinged lia-ps, each iiap being aper-A, tured, a core ofleaves inserted between said flaps and provided with cylindrical 'aperktures in alignment with the apertures in 1 said iiaps, pins, headedatoneend`rv and hav? ing tapered stems inserted from opposite sides onethrough each of said flap apertures and its aligned core Japertureandvaguard having' a U-shaped cross section said flaps and interchangeabletapered pins inserted through `opposite sides, one through each of saidflap apertures and its aligned core apertures.

7. A loose-leaf binder comprising front and rear cover portionslongitudinally foldable on each side of aback portion, hinged flapssecured to sa-id front and rear cover portions along the lines of fold,said liaps lying normally in parallel planes, and being provided withapertures the axes of which are normally in the same plane, a core ofleaves inserted between said hinged flaps and provided with apertures inalignment with the apertures in said hinged flaps, and pins havingenlarged heads and `'tapered stems inserted from. opposite sides, one

through each flap aperture'and its aligned core aperture. v

8. Al loose-leaf binder comprising front and rear cover portionsllongitudinally foldable on each side of a back portion, hinged flapssecured to# saidl front and rear cove-r portions along thelines 'offold, said flapsy lying normally in parallel planes, and be` ingprovided with apertures the axes of which are normally lin the sameplane, a core of leaves inserted between said hinged flaps and providedwith apertures in alignment with the apertures in said hinged flaps,pins having enlarged heads and tapered vstems inserted from oppositesides, one

through each Hap aperture-and its aligned core aperture, and a guardyfor each vflap 'l i comprising a folded strip having upper and lowerspaced sides embracing` andy frictionally engaging said hinged `iap andthe adjacent pin heads, the lower side beingslotted to straddle the stemof each head thereof. y v

In testimony'whereof I have hereunto set my hand. f l

, HoWARDfA; DUDLEY.

pin belowkthe i

